Umthelela Wokuswakama Kumsebenzi Wokubopha I-Polypropylene PP

Ukuswakama kungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwe ibhande le-polypropylene PP  ngesikhathi sokugcina, ukuthutha, nokuphatha. I-PP strapping isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesixazululo esingasindi futhi esingabizi kakhulu sokuvikela izimpahla ezinamaphalethi nemikhiqizo epakishiwe. Nakuba i-polypropylene inokumunca umswakama ophansi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-polymer, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu kungase kuthinte ukugcinwa kwengcindezi, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokuzinza komthwalo wonke. Ukuqonda le miphumela yemvelo kusiza abaphathi bokuthenga kanye nabaqhubi bezindlu ezigcina impahla ukuthi bakhethe izinto ezifanele, basungule izinqubo ezifanele zokulondoloza, futhi bathuthukise izindlela zokufaka izicelo. Ezimweni ezinamaleveli womswakamo ahlobene phakathi kuka-60% no-85%, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi enwetshiwe yokugcina noma yokuthutha, umswakama wendawo ezungezile kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa kungase kube nomthelela omncane ekusebenzeni kwemishini kwebhande, okungenzeka kunciphise ukuvikeleka komthwalo phakathi nezigaba ezibalulekile zokuthutha.

Ukuqonda I-Polypropylene PP Strapping kanye Nezici Zokusebenza kwayo

I-Polypropylene strapping ingenye yezinhlobo eziwusizo kakhulu zokupakisha ezingase zisetshenziswe imigqa yokuhlinzeka yesimanje. Le nto yokubopha iningi yenziwe nge-polypropylene filament grade resin, okuyi-polymer ye-thermoplastic eyenziwe ngokucwengisiswa kwe-petroleum. Kuyinhlanganisela ephelele yezindleko nokusebenziseka.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza

I-PP strapping inezinto eziningi eziyingqayizivele ezivela endleleni eyenziwe ngayo, yingakho idume kakhulu. Isakhiwo se-polymer ngokwemvelo siyavumelana nezimo futhi siyanwebeka, ngakho-ke ibhande lingakwazi ukudonsa ukushaqeka futhi ligcine ukuqina kwalo njengoba imithwalo ihamba ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Le khwalithi isiza lapho kufakwa izinhlobo ezihlukene zezimpahla kuma-pallet noma uqoqa ama-oda amabhokisi ndawonye ezikhungweni zokugcwalisa.

Umugqa wethu wokukhiqiza wenza ibhande le-PP okuhloswe ukuthi lisetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezilungiselelo zezimboni. Ububanzi obusuka ku-5mm ukuya ku-19mm bungasetshenziselwa imisebenzi eminingi, kusukela ekuhlanganiseni amabhokisi alula kuya ekuqiniseni amaphalethi asindayo. Ugqinsi lusuka ku-0.35mm luye ku-0.8mm, okukuvumela ukuthi ulwenze ngendlela oyifisayo ngokusekelwe emthwalweni. Umthamo we-break force uphakathi kuka-45kg no-270kg, okwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uqine ngokwanele ukuze usetshenziswe ezindaweni ezifana nezimboni zamaphepha, izindawo zokugcina izinto zensimbi, ukusebenza kwemicu yamakhemikhali, izitshalo zokuphotha ukotini, nezimboni ze-electronics.

Amamethrikhi Okusebenza Abalulekile

Inani lamapharamitha wobuchwepheshe anquma ukuthi ibhande le-PP lisebenza kahle kangakanani ezimeni zomhlaba wangempela. Amandla okuqina ingcindezi enkulu into engathatha ngaphambi kokuthi iphuka. Ngokuvamile kutholakala ngokusebenzisa ukuhlola okujwayelekile kokudonsa. Inani ibhande elingakwelula ngaphambi kokuba linqamuke libizwa ngokuthi ukwelula kwalo. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo indlela okumunca kahle ngayo ukushaqeka. Amandla okuphuka yinani lamandla adingekayo ukugqabula ibhande, futhi ukuvikela kwe-UV kukutshela ukuthi kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani uma kusetshenziswa ngaphandle.

Ibhande le-PP livumelana nezimo futhi linwebeka ngaphezu kwebhande le-polyester, kodwa linamandla amancane aqinile osayizi ofanayo. Izintambo zensimbi ziqine kakhulu futhi zinamandla okubopha engeziwe, kodwa kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka kokuphepha, ubungozi bokugqwala, nokusingatha izinkinga i-polypropylene engenazo. Ibhande le-PP lilula, elehlisa izindleko zokuthumela kanye nokukhathala kwabasebenzi. Futhi ayigqwali, okwenza ibe ngcono emisebenzini ezochayeka emanzini noma ihlale ngaphandle.

Ukuhambisana Komshini kanye Nokuguquguquka Kokusebenza

Ibhande lesimanje le-PP lingasetshenziswa ngemishini yokubopha ezenzakalela ngokuphelele, eyi-semi-automatic, kanye neyezandla, enikeza amabhizinisi inkululeko yokusebenza ngezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zokwakha. Emisebenzini emincane noma amaphakheji anosayizi abahlukene, amathuluzi okwenziwa ngesandla anama-tensioner nama-sealers asebenza kahle. Emisebenzini yevolumu emaphakathi, amathuluzi azenzakalelayo athuthukisa isivinini nokuvumelana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu azenzakalela ngokugcwele, angena ngqo emigqeni yokupakisha ephezulu, lapho isivinini nokunemba kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngoba impahla iyavumelana nezimo, ingavalwa ngokuthembekile kusetshenziswa i-friction welding noma ukushisa uphawu. Amandla ayo aqinile aphukayo enza isiqiniseko sokuthi imithwalo ihlala iphephile ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokuphathwa. Ukumelana nokugoba kugcina izinto zingaphuki ngokushesha emakhoneni, lapho ingcindezi ivame ukunqwabelana. Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, abaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla ku-logistics, ukugcwaliseka kwe-e-commerce, kanye nezimboni zezimboni bahlale bekhetha ibhande le-PP ukuze lisebenzise ukukhanya okuphakathi nendawo.

Ukuhlaziya Umthelela Womswakama Ku-PP Stpping - Indlela Yokulinganisa

Lapho ibhande lebhokisi le-PP  lihlangana nomswakama, lishintsha ngendlela engalinganiswa. Izisebenzi ze-warehouse nabaphathi bezimpahla kumele bacabangele lezi zinguquko lapho benza imithetho yokupakisha.

Ububanzi Bomswakamo Kusitoreji Esijwayelekile Nezimo Zokuthutha

Ukuze kuvikelwe umkhiqizo ongcono kakhulu, izindawo zokugcina impahla ngokuvamile zigcina umswakama ophakathi kuka-40% no-60%. Kodwa izinto ngokuvamile kufanele zibhekane nezimo ezinzima ngenkathi zithunyelwa noma zigcinwa okwesikhashana. Izikhungo eziseduze nogu zingase zibe namazinga omswakamo ahlala ngaphezu kwama-75% isikhathi eside. Ezindaweni ezipholile, izinguquko zenkathi yonyaka zibangela amazinga okuswakama ashintshe phakathi kuka-30% no-80%. Uma iziqukathi zokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe zidlula emizileni yezindawo ezishisayo, amazinga okushisa kanye nomswakama angafika phezulu aze afike ku-90%, okungalungile kakhulu ezintweni ezizwelayo ukuba manzi.

Izinguquko Zobukhulu Ezibangelwa Umswakama

I-Polypropylene i-hygroscopic, okusho ukuthi ingathatha amanzi amancane emoyeni nakuba ngokuvamile icatshangwa ukuthi imelana kakhulu namanzi kunezinto zemvelo. Lapho ibhande le-PP licwilisa amanzi, ama-molecule amanzi ahamba phakathi kwamaketanga e-polymer futhi enze ibhande likhule kancane. Lolu shintsho ngosayizi lubonakala njengobude, okusho ukuthi ibhande liba lide kancane futhi umthwalo eliwuphethe ungase ulahlekelwe amandla awo athile.

Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwenza le miphumela ibe mibi kakhulu. Lapho umoya oswakeme uphola, ukujiya kungakheka ezindongeni, kuzenze zibe manzi kakhudlwana. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, lapho kufudumala, amanzi ayahwamuka, kodwa uma impahla yelulelwe kakhulu phakathi nesigaba esimanzi, ingase ibe nezinguquko ngosayizi.

Ukuguqulwa Kwempahla Yemishini

Akukhona nje ukuthi umswakama ushintsha usayizi, futhi ushintsha indlela imishini esebenza kahle ngayo. Amandla aqinile angase ehle kancane ngoba amanzi athambise izinto futhi enze amaketanga e-polymer azungeze kakhulu. Lokhu kungenza ibhande livumelane nezimo, kodwa futhi kwehlisa isisindo esiningi esingasibamba ngaphambi kokuphuka. Ezinye izakhiwo ze-elongation zingashintsha. Isibonelo, izintambo ezimanzi zizokwelula kakhulu ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo kunezintambo ezomile.

Uma kunomswakama omningi, kuba nzima ukusho ukuthi ibhande elinwebekayo lizobuyela kusayizi walo wangaphambilini ngemva kokwelulwa. Izintambo zingase zigcine ubude bazo bangempela, okungaholela kumaphakethe axegayo noma imithwalo yephalethi engazinzile ehambahamba ngenkathi ithunyelwa. Le nkinga imbi kakhulu emithwalweni ebiboshelwe esakhiweni esomile kodwa kudingeke ukuthi ihanjiswe endaweni enomswakama, lapho ukulahlekelwa ukucindezeleka okungazelelwe kungaba yingozi.

Ukuhlaziya Okuqhathanisayo Nezinye Izinto

Ibhande le-polyester lingcono ekugcineni amanzi angangeni kunezintambo zepulasitiki. Isakhiwo se-PET polymer asimumbi amanzi amaningi, ngakho sigcina isimo saso kanye nezakhiwo zemishini phezu kwebanga elikhulu lamazinga okuswakama. Izintambo zensimbi azishintshi nhlobo osayizi uma zichayeka kumswakama, kodwa ukugqwala okungaphezulu kungenzeka ngemva kokuba manzi isikhathi eside.

Ukwazi ngalezi zinguquko ezintweni kusiza izikhulu zokuthengwa kwempahla ukuthi zikhethe ibhande elifanele ngokusekelwe kulokho ezicabanga ukuthi indawo ezungezile izoba yiyo. Imikhiqizo eya ezimakethe zasezindaweni ezishisayo noma uhambo olude olwandle ingase ibize izindleko ezengeziwe zokubopha i-polyester. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-PP box strapping roll  ingasetshenziselwa ukuthunyelwa kwasekhaya okungabizi kakhulu ngamanethiwekhi okulawulwa kwesimo sezulu ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza.

Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokusebenzisa I-Polypropylene PP Stpping endaweni enomswakama

Uma ufuna ibhande lakho le-PP lisebenze kahle endaweni enomswakama ophezulu, udinga ukunaka izinto ozikhethayo, ukuthi uzigcina kanjani, nokuthi uzisebenzisa kanjani. Ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela kuzovikela ubuqotho bomthwalo futhi kuzuze kakhulu izinzuzo zezindleko ze-polypropylene strapping.

Ukukhetha Izinhlobonhlobo ze-PP Ezimelana Nomswakama

Uma imanzi, akuwona wonke amabhande e-polyethylene asebenza ngendlela efanayo. Izinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe zinezithako ezengeziwe ezizenza zimelane namanzi nokukhanya kwe-UV. Ezinye izinkampani zixuba i-PP resin nezithiyo zomswakama ezinciphisa izinga lapho amanzi emunca khona, kuyilapho ezinye zengeza iziqinisi ezigcina izimfanelo zemishini ngisho nangemva kokuchayeka emvelweni.

Uma ufuna ibhande lomsebenzi ezindaweni ezimanzi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha impahla ehloliwe futhi eboniswa ukuthi isebenza kahle ebangeni lomswakamo oyilindele. Cela amashidi edatha anemininingwane abonisa ukuthi amandla aqinile nobude ashintsha kanjani lapho okokusebenza kuvezwe kumswakama olawulwayo. Lokhu kwakheka okuthuthukisiwe kuvame ukwakhelwa emikhiqizweni ehloselwe ukusetshenziselwa ukusonga ngaphandle noma ukuthunyelwa ezindaweni ezishisayo.

Izivumelwano Zokugcina Nokuphatha

I-PP strapping inesikhathi eside seshelufu futhi igcina izici zayo zokusebenza uma igcinwe kahle endaweni yokugcina izinto. Gcina amaroli ezindaweni ezilawulwa yisimo sezulu lapho izinga lokushisa lihlala phakathi kuka-50°F no-80°F futhi umswakama ohlobene uhlala ngaphansi kuka-60%. Sebenzisa ama-pallet rack noma amashalofu avumela ukugeleza komoya ukuze ugcine ibhande lisuka phansi, lapho ukujiya kungakheka khona.

Sebenzisa umnyakazo wokungena kuqala, ophuma kuqala ukuze ugcine izinto zingagcinwa isikhathi eside, okungase kubangele ukuthi zimunce umswakama kancane. Qhubeka ubophe iphakheji yakho yokuqala kuze kube yilapho idingeka, ngoba ukugoqa komenzi kuyivikela kumswakama nakakhulu. Uma uvula umqulu omusha wamabhande, bheka ubumanzi noma umswakama ngaphezulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izintambo zazigcinwe ngokungalungile futhi zidinga ukulungiswa.

Amasu Ohlelo Lokusebenza Lokuqina Okuthuthukisiwe

Uma kukhona izinguquko ekusebenzeni okubangelwa umswakama, ukucindezela okufanele kungakwazi ukuzenzela. Lapho uthola imithwalo ezoba ezindaweni ezinomswakama, sebenzisa ukungezwani kokuqala okwengeziwe ukuze uphendule ukulahlekelwa okungase kube khona ukushuba ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Kodwa musa ukweqisa ngokweqile; lokhu kungabangela amaqoqo okucindezeleka aphenduka amaphuzu okuhluleka lapho imiphumela yomswakama yengezwa.

Ukuthi amalunga avalwa kanjani kunomthelela omkhulu ekutheni aqine kangakanani uma emanzi. Isikhathi esiningi, ama-friction weld seal angcono ekugcineni umswakama ungangeni kunokuvalwa kwebhande ngoba ijoyinti elihlanganisiwe alishiyi noma yiziphi izimbobo lapho umswakama ungangena khona. Uma usetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, izimpawu zokushisa zisebenza kahle kakhulu, zenza amalunga afanayo ahlale eqinile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani.

Ukuze uthole imiphumela engaguquki, amathuluzi owasebenzisayo abalulekile. Ama-tension anakekelwa kahle ahlinzeka ngamazinga okungezwani angaguquki, futhi okokusebenza kokuvala okusethwe kahle kuqinisekisa ukuthi amalunga akheka ngendlela enokwethenjelwa. Ukugcinwa njalo kwezinto zokusebenza kugcina zingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene, okungaholela ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka ezilula ukuthi umswakama wonakaliswe.

Ukuqapha kanye Nokuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi

Misa imithetho yokuhlola imithwalo ebanjwa ndawonye ne -PP box strapping roll , ikakhulukazi leyo ezothunyelwa noma egcinwe ezindaweni ezingenakho ukulawula isimo sezulu. Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kwezinto ezifana namabhande angaqinile ngokwanele, ukuminyana kwendawo, noma izinguquko kumbala wezinto ezibonakalayo kungakusiza ukuthi ubone izinkinga kusenesikhathi. Ngaphambi kokuthumela, qinisa noma ulungise noma iyiphi ibhande ebonisa izimpawu zokulimala kwamanzi.

Kumaphakheji abalulekile noma imithwalo yenani eliphezulu, ungase ufune ukusebenzisa amageji alinganisiwe ukuze uhlole ukungezwani njalo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenhloso kufakazela ukuthi ukungezwani kwamabhande kuhlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo naphezu kokuchayeka emvelweni. Uma amaphethini okulahlekelwa kwe-tension ebonakala, bheka izimo zesitoreji, izincazelo zezinto ezibonakalayo, noma izindlela zohlelo ukuze uthole ukuthi zibangelwa yini.

Isiphetho

Umswakamo uthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwebhande le-polypropylene ngokushintsha kobukhulu, ukuguqulwa kwezakhiwo ezisetshenziswayo, nokulahlekelwa kwengcindezi okungafaka engozini ukuphepha komthwalo. Ukuqonda le miphumela kunika amandla ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla nabaphathi bezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ukuthi basebenzise ukukhetha okufanelekile kwezinto, izimiso zokugcina, kanye namasu okusebenzisa agcina ukusebenza kahle kuzo zonke izimo zemvelo ezihlukahlukene. Nakuba ukubopha kwe-PP kunikeza inani elihle kakhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, ukuqaphela ukuzwela kwayo komswakama kuvumela izinqumo zamasu mayelana nokuthi ukwakheka okujwayelekile kwanele nini nokuthi ukucaciswa okuthuthukisiwe noma ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo zisebenzisa kangcono izidingo zokusebenza. Ukukhetha abahlinzeki ngendlela efanele, ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, kanye nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zohlelo lokusebenza kukhulisa izinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho nokusebenza ezilethwa yi-polypropylene strapping kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zokupakisha nezokuthutha.

FAQ

Umswakama unciphisa kangakanani amandla e-PP wokubopha?

Ukuchayeka komswakamo omaphakathi ngokuvamile kunciphisa amandla okubamba ngo-3% ukuya ku-8% kuye ngobude besikhathi namandla. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kumswakama ohlobene ngaphezu kuka-80% kuhlanganiswe nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kungehlisa amandla aze afike ku-12%. Lokhu kwehliswa kuba okubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwemithwalo esondela kumthamo olinganiselwe omkhulu webhande. Ukugcina izici zokuphepha ezifanele nokukhetha ibhande elinamandla anele kunxephezela ukonakaliswa okungaba khona okuhlobene nokuswakama.

Ingabe ibhande le-polypropylene lingasetshenziswa kabusha ngemva kokuchayeka kumswakama ophezulu?

Ukusebenzisa kabusha ibhande le-PP ngemva kokuchayeka komswakama kuncike esimweni esibonakalayo nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukubopha okungabonisi kulimala kwendawo, ukuguquguquka kombala, noma ubude obungapheli kungase kuhambisane nezinhlelo zesibili ezinezidingo zomthwalo ophansi. Kodwa-ke, ukuchayeka komswakama kungakha amaphuzu okucindezeleka amancane futhi kunciphise ukululama okunwebekayo okuphazamisa ukwethembeka. Imisebenzi eminingi igwema ukusebenzisa kabusha izintambo zokuvikela umthwalo oyinhloko, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwengcindezi yendawo ezungezile, ukuvimbela ukwehluleka ngesikhathi sokuthutha.

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina impahla ezivimbela ukuwohloka kwekhwalithi ye-PP?

Isitoreji esiphezulu sigcina izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-50°F no-80°F nomswakama ohlobene ongaphansi kuka-60%. Gcina izintambo eziphakeme eziphansi, kude nezindonga zangaphandle, futhi uvikelekile elangeni eliqondile. Gcina amaroli emaphaketheni oqobo aze asetshenziswe, zungezisa uhlu lwamagama njalo, futhi ugweme izindawo ezingaphansi kokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma ukwakheka kokujiya. Izinqolobane ezilawulwa yisimo sezulu zihlinzeka ngezimo ezikahle, nakuba isitoreji esivamile esiklanywe kahle esinokusakazwa komoya ngendlela efanele kanye nokulawulwa komswakama kufakazela ukufaneleka kwezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza.

Uzakwethu neJushuo Packaging ukuze uthole Izixazululo Ezithembekile Zokubopha

I-Jushuo Packaging iletha iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza okukhethekile kuwo wonke amabhande e-PP esiwakhiqizayo. Sisebenza endaweni yethu engu-15,000㎡ e-Taizhou, sitshale imali ezinguqulweni zesikrini zase-Italy kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokudweba obubandayo obuletha ngokungaguquki amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okukhethekile, kanye nezinga lokuphasa elingu-99%. Ukukhiqizwa kwethu kwaminyaka yonke okudlula amathani angu-20,000 kusiza amakhasimende omhlaba afuna ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni eziyinselele, okuhlanganisa nezimo ezinomswakama ophezulu. Njengomkhiqizi wezintambo we-polypropylene PP onolwazi  , sinikeza ububanzi obungenziwa ngokwezifiso ukusuka ku-5mm ukuya ku-19mm, izinketho zokujiya phakathi kuka-0.35mm no-0.8mm, namandla okuphula amandla ahlanganisa u-45kg kuya ku-270kg. Siphinde siklame, sikhiqize, futhi sifake imigqa yokuhlanganisa yokupakisha okuzenzakalelayo ehambisana nezidingo zakho zokusebenza. Xhumana nethimba lethu ku sales@jushuopackaging.com  noma vakashela jushuopackaging.com ukuze sixoxe ngokuthi izixazululo zethu zebhande ezimelana nomswakama zingakuthuthukisa kanjani ukuphepha kwakho kwe-supply chain.

Izithenjwa

McKeen, LW (2019). 'Umthelela Wezinga Lokushisa Nezinye Izinto Kupulasitiki Nama-Elastomers.' U-William Andrew Ukushicilela, Uhlelo Lwesithathu, Isahluko 6: Izakhiwo Ze-Polypropylene kanye Nempendulo Yezemvelo.

Goodship, V. (2020). 'Umhlahlandlela Osebenzayo Wokubumba Umjovo: Ukusebenza Kwe-Polypropylene Ngaphansi Kwezimo Zomswakama Oguquguqukayo.' Smithers Rapra Technology, pp. 145-167.

U-Hernandez, u-RJ, u-Selke, u-SE, no-Culter, JD (2018). 'Ukupakishwa kwePlastiki: Izakhiwo, Ukucutshungulwa, Izicelo, Nezimiso.' Hanser Publications, Isahluko 12: Imithelela Yemvelo Ezimpakheni Zokupakisha.

UBrydson, JA (2017). 'Izinto Zepulasitiki: Uhlelo Lwesikhombisa.' I-Butterworth-Heinemann, Isigaba Sokusimama Kwendawo YePolypropylene kanye Nokusebenzelana Komswakama.

Singh, SP, Chonhenchob, V., and Singh, J. (2021). 'Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokupakishwa kwezokuthutha nezokuthutha: Ukubopha Izinto Ezisetshenziswa Ngaphansi Komswakama Ohlukahlukene.' DEStech Publications, pp. 89-112.

I-Rothon, RN (2019). 'Ama-Particulate Fillers Ama-Polymers: Imithelela Ezimpahleni Zomshini kanye Nokumelana Nomswakama Kuzicelo Zokubopha ze-PP.' Imibiko Yokubuyekeza i-Rapra, Umqulu 12, Umbiko 156.